Quantifying evaporation in a permeable pavement system   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Robert A. Brown  Michael Borst 《水文研究》2015,29(9):2100-2111

Studies quantifying evaporation from permeable pavement systems are limited to a few laboratory studies and one field application. This research quantifies evaporation for a larger field application by measuring the water balance from lined permeable pavement sections. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency constructed a 0.4 ha parking lot in Edison, NJ, that incorporated three different permeable pavement types in the parking lanes – permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), pervious concrete (PC) and porous asphalt (PA). An impermeable liner installed 0.4 m below the surface in four 11.6 m by 4.74 m sections per each pavement type captures all infiltrating water and routes it to collection tanks that can contain events up to 38 mm. Each section has a design impervious area to permeable pavement area ratio of 0.66:1. Pressure transducers installed in the underdrain collection tanks measured water level for 24 months. Level was converted to volume using depth‐to‐volume ratios for individual collection tanks. Using a water balance approach, the measured infiltrate volume was compared to rainfall volume on an event basis to determine the rainfall retained in the pavement strata and underlying aggregate. Interevent evaporation created additional storage in the pavement and aggregate layers. Events were divided into three groups based on antecedent dry period (ADP) and three 4 month groups of potential evaporation based on historical monthly pan evaporation records. There was a significant difference in rainfall retained among the various combinations of ADP and potential evaporation groups. More rainfall was retained in the pavement and aggregate layers as time between events increased and during warmer months with larger potential evaporation. Average cumulative evaporation from the permeable pavement sections for 134 rainfall events in 24 months was 5.2% of the cumulative rainfall volume, and the range was 2.4–7.6%. Each PC section had more annual evaporation than any individual PICP or PA section. While measureable, evaporation is a small contribution to the total water budget on an annual basis for these systems. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于下限定理的路面结构安定分析     

孙阳  沈水龙  罗春泳 《岩土力学》2010,31(11):3667-3670

传统的以弹性理论和经验方法为基础的路面结构设计方法,对路面结构的安全性评价存在着不合理性。安定理论可为复杂荷载作用下的路面结构承载力分析提供理论依据,基于该定理发展了一种应用于路面结构的安定分析方法,并应用于2层路面结构的安定分析,计算给出了荷载作用方式、路面结构形式、材料性质变化对路面安定极限影响的定量分析结果,通过对比表明了安定分析应用于路面结构的可行性。安定极限可为路面结构的分析与设计提供一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

矩形移动荷载作用下路面-双层地基系统三维振动分析     

卢正  姚海林  骆行文  胡梦玲 《岩土力学》2009,30(11):3493-3499

考虑路面和地基之间的相互作用,建立了路面-双层地基的三维模型,将车辆荷载模拟成矩形移动荷载,利用Fourier变换方法对车辆荷载作用下路面-双层地基系统的三维振动问题进行了研究。假设地基为上部弹性土体和下部为饱和土体组成的双层混合结构,整个系统置于刚性基岩上。通过引入势函数,利用Lame分解理论和积分变换方法分别对弹性土层和饱和土层进行求解。在Fourier变换域内,联立路面和下卧双层地基系统的的运动方程,获得了车辆荷载作用下路面-双层地基系统三维振动的位移和孔压响应的积分形式解,并利用IFFT算法和自适应数值积分算法得到了数值计算结果。研究结果可为路基动力响应分析提供参考。  相似文献   

Application of matter-element analysis based on entropy right to evaluate the pavement condition in permafrost region   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

KeZhen Yan  JinZhao Zhang  Lin Feng 《寒旱区科学》2009,1(6):0519-0522

Evaluation of pavement performance is one of the most important issues in a pavement-management system.By employing the concept of entropy,the matter-element model for evaluating pavement is established,and the weights of the evaluation indices are obtained from surveying data.By calculating the degree of dependence of the matter-element model,the pavement performance evaluation can be obtained by this method.The results show that the matter-element model based on entropy right has good performance for evaluating the pavement condition in permafrost region.  相似文献   

双参数黏弹性地基上连续配筋混凝土路面振动参数分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

卢正  姚海林  罗海宁  杨洋  杨明亮 《岩土力学》2008,29(8):2177-2182

以连续配筋混凝土路面（CRCP）近年来应用比较广泛的路面结构形式为研究对象,采用考虑地基压缩系数和水平剪切系数的双参数地基模型,建立了考虑地基土体滞回阻尼的黏弹性地基上CRCP的振动微分方程,运用三角级数和Fourier变换得到了简谐、矩形均布荷载作用下路面竖向位移的解答,并利用Fourier逆变换得到了数值结果,较为全面的分析了荷载速度、频率、路面配筋率、板厚以及地基参数对板的动力响应的影响。研究结果可为路面动力响应分析及连续配筋混凝土路面的质量评价提供参考。  相似文献   

多年冻土区路基路面变形及应力的数值分析   总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9  

汪双杰  黄晓明  侯曙光 《冰川冻土》2006,28(2):217-222

针对青藏公路路基下发育多年冻土融化盘的实际情况,选择两种模型,应用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,对冻土路基从修筑到开放交通过程中的路基路面位移及应力进行了分析.结果表明:冻土路基以融沉为主的变形,一般情况下以路中心下最大,变形呈凹形;当路基下融化盘偏移时,最大变形位置随之偏移;路面层底拉应力最大,对融沉变形反映敏感;路面顶部压应力最大值出现在轴载作用位置,面层应力对轴载反映敏感.计算模型断面尺寸、路基填料、路面结构等对青藏公路具有代表性,在3.6 m路基总高度条件下,无论路基下融化盘偏移与否,融化盘厚达0.5 m时路基顶部(路面层底)拉应力即达基层抗拉强度,显示路基融沉变形可能导致路基失稳及路面破坏,此时路基高度即达最大值.  相似文献   

GIS在高速公路岩溶路基病害研究中的应用—— 以水任—南宁高速公路为例     

戴建玲  蒋小珍 《中国岩溶》2005,24(2):109-114

随着人口的增长、经济的发展,一些新高速公路的建设不可避免地经过岩溶发育地区,水任- 南宁高速公路No. 4合同段大约有10km穿过岩溶极为发育的岩溶谷地,下伏著名的地苏地下河系,对路基的稳定性造成巨大威胁。本文以该路段为例,从多源空间数据的管理、数据可视化、动态分段、数据查询、空间分析和专题地图制作等方面介绍GIS在高速公路岩溶路基病害研究中的应用。   相似文献   

青藏公路路面病害成因分析   总被引：23，自引：6，他引：17  

窦明健  胡长顺  多吉罗布  何子文 《冰川冻土》2003,25(4):439-444

青藏公路多年冻土段路面大范围出现波浪沉陷和开裂等病害, 在综合病害调查、钻探取芯分析、动力触探、路面弯沉检测和面层材料试验等基础上, 讨论了病害与青藏高原特殊自然条件, 路基下多年冻土变化, 路基及地基密实程度, 路面基层性状和面层材料的关系. 分析了路面病害的分布规律和影响因素, 认为恶劣的气候条件和多年冻土的变化是路面病害发生的主要原因, 面层和基层材料质量达不到要求也是重要影响因素.  相似文献   

Three‐dimensional finite element modeling of tire/ground interaction     

Kaiming Xia  Yunming Yang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2012,36(4):498-516

Tire/ground interaction has been an important issue in terramechanics, transportation and pavement engineering. Characterization of tire/ground interaction has been majorly investigated based on empirical approaches and field tests. So far very few dynamic tire/ground interaction models have been presented. This paper presents a three‐dimensional finite element model for tire/ground interaction. The rubber material is modeled as nearly incompressible finite strain hyperelasticity instead of being modeled as a rigid wheel. The tire is also modeled as bias type and steel rebars are embedded within the tire structure. The tire model is combined with the ground model to form a tire/ground interaction model. Both single tire/ground interaction and four‐tire vehicle/pavement interaction models are presented, which allow us to investigate a lot of issues easily and accurately, such as compaction, pavement response and pavement damage. Numerous simulations are carried out to demonstrate that the dynamic tire/terrain interaction model can be used to predict the dynamic ground response due to moving vehicle. Different tire rolling conditions can be easily incorporated into the tire/ground interaction model, which further substantiates the broad application of the model in transportation and pavement engineering. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

高铁路基正交跨越地裂缝带动力响应数值分析     

何国辉  黄强兵  王涛  刘妮娜 《工程地质学报》2020,28(1):149-157

本文以大西客运专线高速铁路正交跨越地裂缝带为研究对象,基于有限元数值方法建立了高速铁路地基-地裂缝-路堤动力计算模型,模拟分析了高速列车荷载作用下有、无地裂缝带天然地基上路基的动力响应差异特征及影响规律。计算结果表明:列车荷载作用下无地裂缝带场地,路基动位移、加速度和动应力响应基本平稳,没有明显差异现象;而地裂缝带场地路基动位移、路堤本体内加速度均表现为上盘增大、下盘减小,垂直于线路走向路基动位移、加速度幅值衰减下盘大于上盘,地裂缝对加速度影响的临界深度约为地表以下15 m;地裂缝的存在引起其上盘路基出现动应力降低和下盘动应力增强现象,地裂缝场地沿深度方向路基动应力影响的临界深度为地表以下10 m。上述研究结果可为我国地裂缝发育区高速铁路建设与防灾减灾提供科学依据。  相似文献